海南石膏砂漿是建筑上砌(qi)磚使用(yong)的黏(nian)結物(wu)質,由一定(ding)比例的沙子和膠結材料(水泥、石灰膏、黏(nian)土等(deng))加水和成,也叫灰漿,也作砂漿。
砂(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)漿(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)常(chang)用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)有水(shui)(shui)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)砂(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)漿(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)、混(hun)合砂(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)漿(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(或(huo)叫水(shui)(shui)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)灰(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)砂(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)漿(jiang)(jiang)(jiang))、石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)灰(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)砂(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)漿(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)和(he)粘(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)土(tu)砂(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)漿(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)。根據組成材料,普通(tong)砂(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)漿(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)還可分為:①石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)灰(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)砂(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)漿(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)。由(you)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)灰(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)膏、砂(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)和(he)水(shui)(shui)按(an)一(yi)定配(pei)比制(zhi)成,一(yi)般用(yong)(yong)于強度要求(qiu)不高、不受(shou)潮濕的(de)(de)砌體和(he)抹灰(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)層(ceng);②水(shui)(shui)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)砂(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)漿(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)。由(you)水(shui)(shui)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)、砂(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)和(he)水(shui)(shui)按(an)一(yi)定配(pei)比制(zhi)成,一(yi)般用(yong)(yong)于潮濕環境或(huo)水(shui)(shui)中的(de)(de)砌體、墻面(mian)或(huo)地(di)面(mian)等;③混(hun)合砂(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)漿(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)。在水(shui)(shui)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)或(huo)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)灰(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)砂(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)漿(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)中摻加適當摻合料如粉煤灰(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)、硅藻(zao)土(tu)等制(zhi)成,以節約水(shui)(shui)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)或(huo)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)灰(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)用(yong)(yong)量(liang),并(bing)改善砂(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)漿(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)的(de)(de)和(he)易性。常(chang)用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)混(hun)合砂(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)漿(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)有水(shui)(shui)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)灰(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)砂(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)漿(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)、水(shui)(shui)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)粘(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)土(tu)砂(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)漿(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)和(he)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)灰(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)粘(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)土(tu)砂(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)漿(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)等。
新拌普通(tong)砂(sha)漿(jiang)(jiang)應具有(you)(you)(you)良好的和易性,硬(ying)化后的砂(sha)漿(jiang)(jiang)則應具有(you)(you)(you)所(suo)需的強(qiang)(qiang)度和粘(zhan)結力。砂(sha)漿(jiang)(jiang)的和易性與其流動性和保水性有(you)(you)(you)關(guan),一般根據施(shi)工經驗掌握或(huo)通(tong)過試驗確定。砂(sha)漿(jiang)(jiang)的抗壓強(qiang)(qiang)度用(yong)砂(sha)漿(jiang)(jiang)標號表示(shi),常(chang)用(yong)的普通(tong)砂(sha)漿(jiang)(jiang)標號有(you)(you)(you)4、10、25、50、100等(deng)(deng)。對強(qiang)(qiang)度要求(qiu)高(gao)(gao)及重要的砌(qi)體,才需要用(yong)100號以(yi)上的砂(sha)漿(jiang)(jiang)。砂(sha)漿(jiang)(jiang)的粘(zhan)結力隨其標號的提高(gao)(gao)而增強(qiang)(qiang),也與砌(qi)體等(deng)(deng)的表面狀態、清潔與否、潮濕程度以(yi)及施(shi)工養(yang)護條件有(you)(you)(you)關(guan)。因此,砌(qi)磚(zhuan)之前一般要先將(jiang)磚(zhuan)澆(jiao)濕,以(yi)增強(qiang)(qiang)磚(zhuan)與砂(sha)漿(jiang)(jiang)之間的粘(zhan)結力,確保砌(qi)筑質量。