海南石膏砂漿是(shi)建筑(zhu)上(shang)砌磚使用的(de)黏(nian)結物質,由一定比例的(de)沙子(zi)和膠結材(cai)料(liao)(水泥(ni)、石灰膏(gao)、黏(nian)土等)加(jia)水和成,也叫灰漿,也作砂漿。
砂(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)漿(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)常用(yong)(yong)的有(you)水(shui)(shui)泥(ni)(ni)砂(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)漿(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)、混合(he)砂(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)漿(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(或(huo)(huo)叫(jiao)水(shui)(shui)泥(ni)(ni)石(shi)(shi)灰(hui)砂(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)漿(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang))、石(shi)(shi)灰(hui)砂(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)漿(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)和粘土(tu)(tu)砂(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)漿(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)。根(gen)據組成(cheng)材料,普通砂(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)漿(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)還可分為(wei):①石(shi)(shi)灰(hui)砂(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)漿(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)。由石(shi)(shi)灰(hui)膏、砂(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)和水(shui)(shui)按一(yi)定配比(bi)(bi)制(zhi)成(cheng),一(yi)般用(yong)(yong)于強度要求不(bu)高、不(bu)受(shou)潮(chao)濕的砌體和抹灰(hui)層;②水(shui)(shui)泥(ni)(ni)砂(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)漿(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)。由水(shui)(shui)泥(ni)(ni)、砂(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)和水(shui)(shui)按一(yi)定配比(bi)(bi)制(zhi)成(cheng),一(yi)般用(yong)(yong)于潮(chao)濕環境或(huo)(huo)水(shui)(shui)中的砌體、墻面或(huo)(huo)地面等(deng);③混合(he)砂(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)漿(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)。在水(shui)(shui)泥(ni)(ni)或(huo)(huo)石(shi)(shi)灰(hui)砂(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)漿(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)中摻(chan)加適當摻(chan)合(he)料如粉煤灰(hui)、硅藻(zao)土(tu)(tu)等(deng)制(zhi)成(cheng),以節約水(shui)(shui)泥(ni)(ni)或(huo)(huo)石(shi)(shi)灰(hui)用(yong)(yong)量,并(bing)改善砂(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)漿(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)的和易性。常用(yong)(yong)的混合(he)砂(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)漿(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)有(you)水(shui)(shui)泥(ni)(ni)石(shi)(shi)灰(hui)砂(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)漿(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)、水(shui)(shui)泥(ni)(ni)粘土(tu)(tu)砂(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)漿(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)和石(shi)(shi)灰(hui)粘土(tu)(tu)砂(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)漿(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)等(deng)。
新拌普(pu)通(tong)(tong)砂(sha)(sha)漿(jiang)應具有(you)良好(hao)的(de)(de)和易性(xing)(xing),硬(ying)化(hua)后(hou)的(de)(de)砂(sha)(sha)漿(jiang)則(ze)應具有(you)所需(xu)(xu)的(de)(de)強(qiang)(qiang)度和粘(zhan)結(jie)力。砂(sha)(sha)漿(jiang)的(de)(de)和易性(xing)(xing)與(yu)(yu)(yu)其流動性(xing)(xing)和保水性(xing)(xing)有(you)關(guan),一般(ban)根據施(shi)工(gong)經驗掌握或通(tong)(tong)過試驗確定。砂(sha)(sha)漿(jiang)的(de)(de)抗壓強(qiang)(qiang)度用砂(sha)(sha)漿(jiang)標(biao)號(hao)表示,常用的(de)(de)普(pu)通(tong)(tong)砂(sha)(sha)漿(jiang)標(biao)號(hao)有(you)4、10、25、50、100等(deng)。對強(qiang)(qiang)度要(yao)求高及重要(yao)的(de)(de)砌(qi)體,才需(xu)(xu)要(yao)用100號(hao)以上的(de)(de)砂(sha)(sha)漿(jiang)。砂(sha)(sha)漿(jiang)的(de)(de)粘(zhan)結(jie)力隨其標(biao)號(hao)的(de)(de)提高而增強(qiang)(qiang),也與(yu)(yu)(yu)砌(qi)體等(deng)的(de)(de)表面狀態、清潔(jie)與(yu)(yu)(yu)否(fou)、潮濕程度以及施(shi)工(gong)養(yang)護條(tiao)件(jian)有(you)關(guan)。因此,砌(qi)磚(zhuan)之(zhi)前一般(ban)要(yao)先將磚(zhuan)澆(jiao)濕,以增強(qiang)(qiang)磚(zhuan)與(yu)(yu)(yu)砂(sha)(sha)漿(jiang)之(zhi)間的(de)(de)粘(zhan)結(jie)力,確保砌(qi)筑質量。