生產石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)的原料(liao)主(zhu)要(yao)為含硫(liu)酸(suan)(suan)鈣的天(tian)然石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(又稱(cheng)(cheng)生石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao))或(huo)含硫(liu)酸(suan)(suan)鈣的化(hua)工副產品和磷石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)、氟石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)、硼石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)等廢渣,其化(hua)學式為CaSO4.1/2H2O,也稱(cheng)(cheng)半水(shui)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)。將(jiang)天(tian)然二(er)水(shui)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)在不同(tong)的溫(wen)度(du)下煅燒可得到(dao)不同(tong)的石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)品種。如將(jiang)天(tian)然二(er)水(shui)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)在107~170℃的干(gan)燥條件下加熱可得建(jian)筑石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)。
將建筑石(shi)(shi)膏(gao)加(jia)水(shui)后,它首先溶解于(yu)水(shui),然后生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)成(cheng)二水(shui)石(shi)(shi)膏(gao)析出。隨著水(shui)化(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)不(bu)斷(duan)(duan)進行(xing),生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)成(cheng)的(de)(de)二水(shui)石(shi)(shi)膏(gao)膠(jiao)體(ti)(ti)(ti)微粒(li)(li)不(bu)斷(duan)(duan)增(zeng)多,這(zhe)些(xie)微粒(li)(li)比(bi)(bi)原先更加(jia)細小,比(bi)(bi)表面積很大,吸附著很多的(de)(de)水(shui)分;同時漿(jiang)(jiang)體(ti)(ti)(ti)中的(de)(de)自由(you)水(shui)分由(you)于(yu)水(shui)化(hua)(hua)和(he)(he)蒸發(fa)而不(bu)斷(duan)(duan)減少,漿(jiang)(jiang)體(ti)(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)稠度(du)不(bu)斷(duan)(duan)增(zeng)加(jia),膠(jiao)體(ti)(ti)(ti)微粒(li)(li)間(jian)的(de)(de)黏結逐(zhu)步(bu)增(zeng)強(qiang),顆粒(li)(li)間(jian)產生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)摩擦力(li)和(he)(he)黏結力(li),使(shi)漿(jiang)(jiang)體(ti)(ti)(ti)逐(zhu)漸(jian)(jian)失去可塑(su)性,即(ji)漿(jiang)(jiang)體(ti)(ti)(ti)逐(zhu)漸(jian)(jian)產生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)凝結。繼(ji)續(xu)水(shui)化(hua)(hua),膠(jiao)體(ti)(ti)(ti)轉變成(cheng)晶體(ti)(ti)(ti)。晶體(ti)(ti)(ti)顆粒(li)(li)逐(zhu)漸(jian)(jian)長(chang)大,使(shi)漿(jiang)(jiang)體(ti)(ti)(ti)完(wan)全失去可塑(su)性,產生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)強(qiang)度(du),即(ji)漿(jiang)(jiang)體(ti)(ti)(ti)產生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)了硬化(hua)(hua)。這(zhe)一過程(cheng)不(bu)斷(duan)(duan)進行(xing),直至(zhi)漿(jiang)(jiang)體(ti)(ti)(ti)完(wan)全干燥,強(qiang)度(du)不(bu)在增(zeng)加(jia),此時漿(jiang)(jiang)體(ti)(ti)(ti)已硬化(hua)(hua)成(cheng)人造石(shi)(shi)材。
海南免膠白石膏是(shi)以建(jian)筑(zhu)石膏為主要原材料,經加(jia)水攪(jiao)拌、澆注(zhu)成型和(he)干燥制(zhi)成的輕質建(jian)筑(zhu)石膏制(zhi)品。生產中允(yun)許加(jia)入(ru)纖維增強(qiang)材料或輕集料,也可(ke)加(jia)入(ru)發泡劑(ji)。石膏砌塊具有隔聲防火、施工便(bian)捷等多項優(you)點,是(shi)一種低碳環保、健(jian)康、符合(he)時代(dai)發展要求的新型墻體材料。